Page 144 - 北京京煤集团总医院第十一届·2023学术年会论文集
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北京京煤集团总医院 第十一届·2023 学术年会论文集
我院呼吸道过敏性疾病患者的过敏原分析
石金凤,杨冬明,高盼,刘敏,张建红,化静
(北京京煤集团总医院呼吸与危重症医学科)
【摘要】目的:分析我院呼吸道过敏性疾病患者的过敏原情况。方法:回顾分析 2018 年 5
月-2021 年 1 月到院就诊的呼吸道过敏患者 648 例的病历资料,均接受吸入性及食物性过敏
原特异性 IgE 抗体检测试剂盒测定,比较不同性别、不同年龄患者过敏原阳性率情况。结果:
性别与过敏原阳性率无相关性(P>0.05);年龄与过敏原阳性率明显相关,随着年龄的增加,
过敏原阳性率降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);过敏程度分析显示患者多为轻-中度过敏。
结论:经分析,我院筛查的过敏原整体阳性率偏低,不同年龄对过敏原导致呼吸道过敏性疾
病发生有一定的影响,需针对性拟定预防措施,为减少过敏反应发生提供可靠支持。
【关键词】呼吸道过敏性疾病;过敏原;分布特点
[Abstract] Objective: To analyze the allergen situation of patients with respiratory allergies in our
hospital. Methods: The medical records of 648 patients with respiratory allergies who visited the
hospital from May 2018 to January 2021 were retrospectively analyzed, and all of them were
measured by inhalation and food allergen-specific IgE antibody detection kits, and the positive rates
of allergens in patients of different genders and ages were compared. Results: There was no
correlation between gender and allergen positivity (P>0.05), age was significantly correlated with
allergen positivity, and with age, allergen-positive rate decreased with increasing age, and the
difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: After analysis, the overall positive
rate of allergens screened in our hospital is low, and different ages have a certain impact on the
occurrence of allergens causing respiratory allergic diseases, and preventive measures need to be
formulated to provide reliable support for reducing the occurrence of allergic reactions.
[Keywords] respiratory allergic diseases; Allergens; Distribution characteristics
过敏反应主要是指机体对异物的超敏反应,不仅影响患者日常生活,还会累及患者全身
器官,如皮肤、支气管及肠道等,诱发全身性反应,严重威胁患者身体健康,甚至导致死亡
[1] 。而近年来,随着生活方式及生存环境的改变,过敏反应发生率逐年上升,已成为全球重
点关注的公共健康问题。因过敏原分布受到地理、气候、文化习俗及生活观念等因素影响,
不同过敏原过敏的症状也多存在差异性,常表现为皮肤红肿、瘙痒等,严重可导致患者恶心、
呼吸困难,甚至休克,严重威胁患者身体健康,故及时进行过敏原确定尤为关键,不仅有助
于医师拟定对症或对应的治疗措施,还可帮助患者及时避开暴露在特定的过敏原环境中,对
预防感过敏反应发生有重要意义 [2-3] 。因此,在过敏反应发生后除了及时接受治疗外,积极
开展过敏原筛查实验,确定自身过敏原,加强生活注意事项,避免再次触发,从而降低过敏
[4]
发生率是其关键 。基于此,本研究对我院既往呼吸道过敏性疾病患者的病历资料进行分析,
了解过敏原在不同年龄、性别的分布情况,旨在为过敏性患者疾病预防及治疗提供可靠参考。
1.资料与方法
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