Page 94 - 北京京煤集团总医院第十届·2022学术年会论文集

北京京煤集团总医院 第十届·2022 学术年会论文集

90 例急性上消化道出血病因的临床研究

李娟 ，张云丽 （北京京煤集团总医院消化科，102300）
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【摘要】目的：回顾性研究急性上消化道出血患者的的病因。方法：收集北京京煤集团总医

院消化内科 2018 年 12 月至 2021 年 11 月住院的急性上消化道出血且经胃镜检查的 90 例患
者临床资料，分析患者的病因。结果：90 例急性上消化道出血中男性 61 例 ，女性 29 例；

急性上消化道出血病因分别为消化性溃疡（41.1%）、肝硬化食管胃底静脉曲张破裂出血

（22.2%）、贲门粘膜撕裂综合征（16.7%）；胃恶性肿瘤（7.8%）；反流性食管炎（5.6%） ；

十二指肠恶性肿瘤（3.3%）；胃毛细血管扩张症（2.2%）；十二指肠憩室出血（1.1%）。84

例以呕血、黑便或呕血伴黑便就诊、6 例因乏力、头晕就诊。胃镜尤其急诊内镜在急性上消

化道出血诊治中的应用，预后良好。结论：急性上消化道出血患者中男性居多，急性上消化

道出血病因中消化性溃疡在位居首位，其次为肝硬化食管胃底静脉曲张破裂、贲门粘膜撕裂

综合征，因此虽然急性上消化道出血为临床常见急症，但积极询问病史、结合辅助检查，需

及时作出判断；在血流动力学稳定的情况下尽早胃镜检查并予相应治疗，提高存活率；尤其

以乏力、头晕就诊的需关注大便颜色、血常规及便常规，警惕消化道出血可能。

【关键词】急性上消化道出血；病因

【Abstract】 To retrospectively study the etiology of acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding.

Objective: The clinical data of 90 patients with acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding who
underwent gastroscopy in the Department of Gastroenterology of Beijing Jingmei group general

hospital from December 2018 to November 2021 were collected to analyze the etiology of the

patients. Methods: The clinical data of 90 patients with acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding who

underwent gastroscopy in the Department of Gastroenterology of Beijing Jingmei group general

hospital from December 2018 to November 2021 were collected, and the etiology of the patients

was analyzed. Results: there were 61 males and 29 females in 90 cases of acute upper

gastrointestinal bleeding; The causes were peptic ulcer (41.1%), rupture and bleeding of esophageal

and gastric varices in liver cirrhosis (22.2%), cardiac mucosal tear syndrome (16.7%), gastric

malignant tumor (7.8%), reflux esophagitis (5.6%), 12-year-old finger intestinal malignant tumor

(3.3%), gastric telangiectasia (2.2%), and duodenal diverticulum bleeding 84 cases were treated

with hematemesis, black stool or hematemesis with black stool, and 6 cases were treated with fatigue

and dizziness. Conclusion: the majority of patients with acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding are

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